Cataño is a town and municipality located on the northeastern coastal plain of Puerto Rico. It is situated west of the capital, San Juan, east of Toa Baja, north of Bayamón and Guaynabo, and south of San Juan Bay. As part of the San Juan metropolitan area, it serves as a neighboring community to several major urban centers.
The municipality is geographically defined by its small size, making it the smallest municipality in Puerto Rico by land area. It is organized into seven barrios along with the downtown area and administrative center known as Cataño Pueblo.