Caguas is a city and municipality located in central eastern Puerto Rico. It is situated within the Caguas Valley, positioned between the Sierra de Cayey and the Sierra de Luquillo of the Central Mountain Range. The municipality shares borders with San Juan and Trujillo Alto to the north, Gurabo and San Lorenzo to the west, Aguas Buenas, Cidra, and Cayey to the east, and Patillas to the south.
As of the 2020 census, Caguas has a population of 127,244. It ranks as the fifth most populated municipality in Puerto Rico and serves as a principal city within the San Juan metropolitan area.