Agadez, formerly spelled Agadès, is the fifth largest city in Niger with a population of 110,497 as recorded in the 2012 census. Located within the Sahara desert, it serves as the capital of the Agadez Region and the Sultanate of Agadez, which is one of the traditional Tuareg–Berber federations.
The city is notable for its historic center, which has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It remains a significant cultural and administrative hub within the desert region.