Tlaltenango de Sánchez Román is a municipality situated in the southwestern region of the Mexican state of Zacatecas. The area covers approximately 808.082 square kilometres (312.002 sq mi) and sits at an average elevation of 1,723 meters (5,653 ft) above sea level.
The municipality is geographically defined by its location in a valley bordered by the Sierra de Morones. It lies along the banks of the Tlaltenango River, which flows northward as a tributary of the Bolaños River.