Entry Requirements and Visas
Before traveling to Canada, check whether you need a visa. Citizens of numerous countries—including the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, South Korea, and most European Union nations—can visit visa-free for up to six months, provided they hold a passport valid for at least six months beyond their intended departure date and are not planning to work or study.
If you're arriving by air from a visa-exempt country, you must obtain an eTA (electronic Travel Authorization) before boarding your flight. The eTA costs $7 CAD, is valid for five years or until your passport expires, and can be obtained online from the Department of Citizenship and Immigration Canada. U.S. citizens and permanent residents are exempt from this requirement. If you're entering by land or sea, no eTA is needed.
Citizens of countries not on the visa-exempt list, or those planning to work or study, must apply for a Temporary Resident Visa at a Canadian Visa Office before arrival. The application requires a valid passport, passport-sized photos, proof of sufficient funds for your stay, a reservation confirmation or letter of invitation, and the applicable fee ($75 for single entry, $150 for multiple entries, or $400 for families).
Canada takes character assessment seriously during entry. You may be denied admission or require additional paperwork if you have any criminal record, including offences not considered criminal in your home country, such as certain traffic violations or drunk driving convictions. Even minor historical offences can create complications. If you have any criminal history, contact a Canadian diplomatic mission before booking your trip.
Money, Currency, and Typical Costs
Canada's currency is the Canadian Dollar (CAD). Major credit cards are widely accepted in urban areas and tourist destinations, though it's wise to carry some cash for smaller establishments and rural areas. ATMs are readily available in cities and towns for withdrawing cash.
Before arrival, arrange proof that you have sufficient funds for your visit, as immigration officers may request this upon entry. The required amount varies depending on your accommodation type (hotel versus staying with friends), length of stay, and planned activities.
Staying Safe and Emergency Contacts
Canada is generally a safe destination. In case of emergency, dial 911 for immediate assistance with police, fire, or medical emergencies. The international dialing code for Canada is +1.
Health
Ensure you have appropriate travel health insurance before arrival. While specific health recommendations depend on your origin country and planned activities, it's wise to check with your healthcare provider or a travel clinic before departure regarding any recommended vaccinations or precautions.
Staying Connected
Canada has well-developed telecommunications infrastructure. You can purchase a local SIM card from major carriers upon arrival at airports or retail stores, or arrange an international roaming plan with your home provider. Internet access is widely available through WiFi in hotels, cafes, and public spaces, particularly in urban areas.
Local Customs and Etiquette
Canada is officially bilingual, with English and French as the official languages at the federal level. English is dominant in most of Canada, though French is the primary language in Quebec. Learning a few basic phrases in the local language is appreciated.
As one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, Canada is generally welcoming to visitors from all backgrounds. Canadians typically value politeness and respect in social interactions. Tipping is customary in restaurants (15-20% of the bill) and for other services.
No departure immigration checks occur when leaving Canada, and the country no longer stamps most visitors' passports upon entry—all arrivals are recorded electronically. If you require a passport stamp for record-keeping, you can request one from the immigration officer when you arrive.