Overview
Rwanda, officially known as the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country located in East Africa. Despite its relatively small size, it holds a distinctive place on the continent thanks to its dramatic landscapes, dense population, and location at the heart of the Great Rift Valley, just a few degrees south of the Equator.
Geography
Rwanda's terrain is defined by striking contrasts. The western part of the country is dominated by mountains, while the southeast features expansive savanna landscapes. The country is also home to several notable lakes, most of which are concentrated in the western and northern regions.
In the northwest, Rwanda forms part of the Virunga volcanic chain, a range that includes several active and dormant volcanoes. This volcanic region contributes to the country's fertile soils and dramatic scenery.
Rwanda shares its borders with four countries:
- Uganda to the north
- Tanzania to the east
- Burundi to the south
- The Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west
Climate
Rwanda experiences a tropical highland climate, a result of its elevated terrain despite its equatorial location. The country's weather patterns are marked by two distinct rainy seasons and two dry seasons throughout the year, shaping agricultural cycles and daily life across the nation.
Capital City
Kigali serves as both the capital and largest city of Rwanda. Centrally located within the country, Kigali sits at an elevation of 1,567 metres above sea level, reflecting the mountainous character of the surrounding region.
Population and Demographics
Rwanda has a population of approximately 14 million people. With a total area of 26,338 square kilometres, of which land makes up about 93.7%, the country ranks as the 21st most densely populated nation in the world. On average, Rwanda is home to about 578 people per square kilometre, making it one of the more densely settled countries in Africa.