Stefan cel Mare is a commune in Călărași County, in the south of Romania. It lies in the historical region of Muntenia, within the Bărăgan Plain, an area of flat agricultural land east of Bucharest. The commune is made up of its component villages and is administered from the village that gives it its name.
Like much of Călărași County, the area around Stefan cel Mare is predominantly rural and agricultural, with farming forming the basis of the local economy. The commune sits in a low-lying plain, and its surroundings are characterised by open fields rather than hills or forest.
The name honours Stephen III of Moldavia, known as Stephen the Great, who ruled as Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 until his death and is remembered as one of the most prominent rulers of late medieval Eastern Europe. He is canonised by the Romanian Orthodox Church, and numerous places in Romania and Moldova carry his name.