San Pablo is a village in the Cajamarca Department of Peru. It is known primarily as the site of a leprosarium, or leper colony, established in the region.
The colony was constructed in 1925 and became an agricultural colony in 1941, with patients required to work the fields. Maxime Hans Kuczyński helped found the leprosarium in 1936. In 1952, Che Guevara and Alberto Granado worked at the colony, which was home to around 600 people at the time. By 1957, the number of patients had increased to about 780.
The colony was closed for admission from 1967 onwards. A 1968 report by Dr Masayoshi Itoh described that 87% of the patients were in need of surgical treatment. The leprosarium has since closed, and the patients have been transferred to Iquitos.