Alviano is a town and comune in the province of Terni, in the Umbria region of central Italy. It is one of the smaller municipalities within the province, situated in the Tiber valley area of southern Umbria.
Like many settlements in this part of Umbria, Alviano is a hill town whose historic centre preserves elements of medieval layout and architecture. The surrounding countryside is characterised by the agricultural landscape typical of the Tiber valley, with cultivated fields and wooded hills.
The comune is located near the border with Lazio, roughly midway between the provincial capital Terni and the town of Orvieto. Its position in the Tiber valley places it within easy reach of the main transport routes running through central Italy.