Igüeña is a village and municipality in Spain, located in the region of El Bierzo, within the province of León in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It lies in the northwestern part of the country, in an area of mountainous terrain associated with the Cantabrian Mountains.
The municipality is made up of the village of Igüeña together with a number of smaller outlying settlements, a common administrative pattern in this part of rural Spain. Like much of El Bierzo, the area has historically been shaped by agriculture and, more recently, by coal mining, which was long a major source of employment in the surrounding valleys.
Igüeña is situated in a sparsely populated rural district, and its economy and demographics reflect the broader decline of traditional mining and farming communities in the region. The village serves as the administrative centre for the surrounding municipality.