Canalejas de Peñafiel is a municipality in Spain, located in the province of Valladolid within the autonomous community of Castile and León. It lies in the northern part of the country, in the region traditionally associated with the Duero river basin and the wider Castilian plateau.
The municipality is a small rural settlement. According to the 2004 census carried out by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), it had a population of 294 inhabitants. This figure reflects the modest size typical of many villages in the sparsely populated countryside of Castile and León.
Its name links it to the nearby town of Peñafiel, a larger historic centre in the same province, though Canalejas de Peñafiel is a separate and distinct municipality in its own right. As with many settlements in the area, its identity is tied to the agricultural landscape and the administrative structures of the province of Valladolid.