Calzada de los Molinos is a municipality in the province of Palencia, within the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It lies in the northern part of the country, in a region characterised by the flat plains and agricultural landscapes of the Tierra de Campos area.
According to the 2004 census conducted by Spain's National Statistics Institute (INE), the municipality had a population of 378 inhabitants. Like many small rural municipalities in Castile and León, it is sparsely populated, with its residents concentrated in the main settlement.
The town's name, which translates roughly as "road of the mills," reflects a historical association with milling, a common activity in the grain-growing regions of Palencia. Its location in the province of Palencia places it within easy reach of the provincial capital, also named Palencia, and the wider network of towns and villages that make up this part of Castile and León.