Baltanás is a municipality in the province of Palencia, within the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is located in the northern part of the country, in the region historically known as the Tierra de Campos.
According to the 2021 census conducted by Spain's National Statistics Institute (INE), the municipality had a population of 1,219 inhabitants. As a municipality, Baltanás encompasses both the town itself and the surrounding rural territory under its administration.