Espeluy is a town in the province of Jaén, in the Andalusia region of southern Spain. It lies in the Guadalquivir valley area of the province, within the comarca of Campiña de Jaén.
The town was reorganized and repopulated by the Instituto Nacional de Colonización in the 1950s, a state body created to develop and settle rural land in Spain during that period. This planned resettlement shaped the town's modern layout and population.
According to 2024 figures from Spain's Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Espeluy had a population of 591 inhabitants, making it one of the smaller municipalities in the province.