Canena is a municipality in the province of Jaén, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, southern Spain. It lies within the comarca (district) of La Loma, in the northern part of the province near the border with the province of Ciudad Real.
According to the 2014 estimate from Spain's national statistics institute (INE), Canena had a population of 1,981 inhabitants. The town is known for the Castillo de Canena, a Renaissance-era castle built in the sixteenth century on the site of an earlier Moorish fortress, which remains its most prominent landmark.
Like much of the surrounding Jaén province, Canena is set in an area dominated by olive groves, and olive oil production forms a central part of the local economy and identity.