Schleitheim is a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland. It lies in the northern part of the country, directly on the border with Germany.
Its position on the German frontier places it within the Schaffhausen region, the northernmost canton of Switzerland, which is largely surrounded by German territory. The municipality is one of several communities that make up this canton along the border area.
Schleitheim is best known historically as the place where the Schleitheim Confession, an early Anabaptist statement of faith, was adopted in 1527. This document gave the community a lasting place in the history of the Radical Reformation.