Petrolândia is a municipality located in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Situated within the São Francisco Region, the municipality covers a total area of 1,056.5 square kilometers. As of 2025, it had an estimated population of 36,104 inhabitants according to the IBGE.
The region is economically notable for having one of the highest GDP per capita figures in the Sertão. This economic standing is attributed to the presence of a hydroelectric power plant owned by CHESF located within the municipality's borders.