Colfontaine is a municipality in Belgium, located in the province of Hainaut within the Wallonia region. It is one of the municipalities that make up the country's French-speaking southern half.
As a municipality, Colfontaine is a local administrative unit rather than a single town, and it lies in the western part of Hainaut, close to the French border. The area forms part of the Borinage, a former coal-mining district that shaped the industrial history of the region.
Its position in Wallonia places it within Belgium's French-speaking community, and it is situated near the larger city of Mons, the provincial capital of Hainaut.