Cumberland is a geographical area located in North West England that was historically established as a county. It was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, and Lancashire to the south. To the north, it shared borders with the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire.
The county encompassed several notable geographical features and landmarks, including parts of the Lake District and the North Pennines. It also included the Solway Firth coastline and contained the city of Carlisle.