Brazil, officially known as the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country located in South America. It ranks as the fifth-largest country in the world by land area and the seventh-largest by population, with a total population exceeding 213 million people.
The nation is organized as a federation consisting of 26 states and a Federal District, which contains the capital city of Brasília. São Paulo is the most populous city in the country, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil is notable for having the largest Lusophone population globally and serves as the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas, where Portuguese is the official language.