Abadan is a city located in the Central District of Abadan County within the Khuzestan province of Iran. It serves as the administrative capital for both the county and the district, situated in the southwestern portion of the county.
The city is positioned on Abadan Island, which is bordered to the west by the Arvand waterway and to the east by the Bahmanshir outlet of the Karun River. It lies approximately 53 kilometres (33 mi) from the Persian Gulf near the Iran–Iraq border and is located about 140 km from Ahvaz, the provincial capital.