Neftekumsk is a town located in Russia and serves as the administrative center of the Neftekumsky District within Stavropol Krai. It is situated on the right bank of the Kuma River, approximately 305 kilometers (190 miles) east of Stavropol, which is the administrative center of the krai.
According to census data, the population of Neftekumsk has fluctuated over recent decades. The 2010 census recorded a population of 27,687, following a figure of 27,395 in 2002 and 22,092 during the 1989 Soviet census.