Aniva is a coastal town located in the southern region of Sakhalin Island, Russia. It serves as the administrative center of the Anivsky District and is situated on the coast of Aniva Bay along the Lyutoga River.
The town is positioned approximately 37 kilometers (23 miles) south of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. According to census data, the population was recorded at 9,115 in 2010, following a previous count of 8,084 in 2002 and 8,905 during the 1989 Soviet census.