Novocherkassk is a city located in the Rostov Oblast of Russia. It is situated near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, with the latter serving as a distributary of the Don River.
The city is primarily recognized as the cultural capital of the Cossacks and serves as the official capital of the Don Cossacks. According to census data, its population was recorded at 168,746 in 2010, following a figure of 170,822 in 2002 and 187,973 during the 1989 Soviet census.