Kolpna is an urban locality situated in the Kolpnyansky District of Oryol Oblast, Russia. The settlement was known as Kolpny until January 1, 2006, when it was officially renamed.
According to census data, the population of the locality has shown a gradual decline over several decades. It recorded a population of 7,635 during the 1989 Soviet census, decreasing to 7,177 in 2002, and further declining to 6,614 by the 2010 census.