Sarov is a closed town located in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast of Russia. It serves as the primary center for the country's nuclear research. Due to its restricted status, the settlement was historically known by various designations, including Gorkiy-130 and Arzamas-16 from 1946 to 1991, before being renamed Kremlyov between 1991 and 1995.
The town's population is recorded at approximately 87,652 to 92,047 residents. Its primary significance stems from its role in the Russian nuclear complex, which necessitated its classification as a closed city for security and research purposes.