Protvino is a town located in the Moscow Oblast region of Russia. It is situated on the left bank of the Protva River, approximately 100 kilometers (62 mi) south of Moscow and 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) west of Serpukhov.
According to census data, the population of the town has fluctuated over recent decades. The 2010 census recorded a population of 37,308, following figures of 36,175 in 2002 and 34,520 during the 1989 Soviet census.