Kovylkino is a town located in the Republic of Mordovia, Russia. It is situated on the left bank of the Moksha River, approximately 116 kilometers (72 mi) southwest of the regional center, Saransk.
According to census data, the population of the town has remained relatively stable over recent decades. The 2010 census recorded a population of 21,307, following figures of 21,873 in 2002 and 21,615 during the 1989 Soviet census.