Nefteyugansk is a city located in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia. It is situated south of the Ob River and lies in close proximity to the larger city of Surgut.
According to census data, the population of Nefteyugansk has shown growth over several decades. The 1989 Soviet census recorded a population of 93,930, which rose to 107,830 in 2002 and reached 122,855 by the 2010 census.