Abakan is the capital city of Khakassia, a federal subject of Russia. It is situated in the central portion of the Minusinsk Depression at the confluence of the Yenisei and Abakan Rivers.
According to census data, the city's population has shown steady growth over recent decades. As of the 2010 Census, the population was recorded at 165,214, following a count of 165,197 in 2002 and 154,092 in 1989.