Verkhneyarkeyevo is a rural locality located in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It serves as the administrative center of the Ilishevsky District.
According to census data, the population of Verkhneyarkeyevo has fluctuated over recent decades. The 2010 census recorded a population of 9,710 residents, following a count of 9,339 in 2002 and 8,001 during the 1989 Soviet census.