Elvas is a Portuguese municipality and former episcopal city located in the district of Portalegre within the Alentejo region. Situated in easternmost central Portugal, it lies approximately 200 kilometres east of Lisbon and about 8 kilometres west of the Spanish fortress of Badajoz along the Madrid-Badajoz-Lisbon railway.
The municipality covers an area of 631.29 square kilometres, with a population of 23,078 as of 2011. The city itself had a population of 16,640 during the same census period. Historically, Elvas is recognized for its role as a frontier fortress.