Pelengana is a small town and rural commune located in the Cercle of Ségou within the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The town is situated approximately 5 kilometers southeast of Ségou along the Route Nationale 6.
The commune covers an area of roughly 359 square kilometers and encompasses the town of Pelengana as well as 25 surrounding villages. According to the 2009 census, the total population of the commune was 56,259.