Osaka is a designated city located in the Kansai region of Honshu, Japan. It serves as the capital and most populous city within Osaka Prefecture. As the second largest prefectural city in the country, it ranks as the third-most populous city proper in Japan, following the special wards of Tokyo and Yokohama.
The city has an estimated population of 2,816,247 as of October 1, 2025, with a population density of approximately 12,505 people per square kilometer. Osaka is the largest component of the Keihanshin metropolitan area, which is the second-largest metropolitan area in Japan and ranks as the 10th-largest urban area globally with over 19 million inhabitants.