Castellaneta is a city and comune located in the province of Taranto within the Apulia region of Southern Italy. It is situated approximately 40 km (25 mi) from the city of Taranto.
The territory surrounding Castellaneta spans from the Murgia to the Ionian Sea and is characterized by numerous gravina, which are deep ravines. The municipality is also a member of the Comunità Montana della Murgia Tarantina.