Filiano is a town and comune located in the province of Potenza within the Basilicata region of Southern Italy. It is bordered by the municipalities of Atella, Avigliano, Forenza, Ripacandida, and San Fele.
The history of Filiano dates back to the 16th century when residents from nearby Avigliano migrated from an ancient castrum to clear new land in the Vitalba valley. This settlement led to the formation of several towns, including Filiano. The area is currently recognized for its cultural heritage, traditional agriculture, and local food products.
The region also contains archaeological significance, featuring evidence of early human presence through prehistoric rock art located in the Grotta dei Pisconi.