Ranchi is the capital city of Jharkhand, an Indian state. It serves as the largest district in the state by population and holds historical significance as the center of the Jharkhand movement. This movement advocated for a separate state comprising tribal regions from South Bihar, northern Odisha, western West Bengal, and parts of present-day Chhattisgarh.
The state of Jharkhand was officially formed on November 15, 2000, through the creation of the Chota Nagpur and Santhal Parganas divisions from Bihar. Currently, Ranchi is being developed as a Smart City under the Indian government's flagship Smart Cities Mission, which selected one hundred cities across the country for urban development.