Varanasi, also known as Kashi, is a city located on the left bank of the Ganges River in northern India. It is situated in the middle-Ganges valley within the southeastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh. The city is positioned approximately 692 kilometres southeast of New Delhi and 320 kilometres southeast of Lucknow, lying 121 kilometres downstream from Prayagraj.
The city holds a central role in Hindu traditions, particularly regarding pilgrimage, death, and mourning. In addition to its religious significance, Varanasi is characterized by a syncretic tradition of Islamic artisanship that supports the region's religious tourism.