Panipat is an industrial city located in the Panipat district of Haryana, India. It is situated on National Highway 44, approximately 95 km north of Delhi and 169 km south of Chandigarh. The city is historically significant for being the site of three major battles fought in 1526, 1556, and 1761. These conflicts significantly altered Indian history; the first two led to the creation and confirmation of the Mughal Empire, while the third resulted in the defeat of the Maratha Confederacy and enabled British Company rule.
Known as the "city of weavers," "textile city," and "cast-off clothes capital" of the world, Panipat hosts various industries including cotton and wool milling, saltpetre refining, glass manufacturing, and electrical appliances. Despite its industrial output, the city is included in the list of critically polluted industrial areas in India. In December 2009, it recorded a Comprehensive Environment Pollution Index (CEPI) of 59.00.