Ruhama is a kibbutz located in the Negev desert in southern Israel. Situated approximately ten kilometres east of Sderot, the community falls under the jurisdiction of the Sha'ar HaNegev Regional Council.
Established in 1912, Ruhama is recognized as the first modern Jewish settlement in the Negev region. The area surrounding the kibbutz is designated as a nature reserve. As of 2024, the population of the settlement was 770 residents.