Puputan is a term used in Bali, Indonesia, to describe a mass ritual suicide performed by individuals who choose death over the humiliation of surrender. While the practice originally referred to a final, desperate attack against a numerically superior enemy, it evolved into a formalized act of collective self-sacrifice.
Historically, notable instances of puputan occurred in 1906 and 1908 during the period when the Balinese people were being subjugated by Dutch forces. These events serve as significant historical markers of resistance against colonial rule in the region.