Pangasinan, officially known as the Province of Pangasinan, is a coastal province located in the Ilocos Region of Luzon in the Philippines. It occupies the western part of the island along the Lingayen Gulf and the South China Sea, covering a total land area of 5,451.01 square kilometres. The provincial capital is Lingayen, while San Carlos City serves as the most populous city within the province.
The region is characterized by its diverse ethnic composition resulting from historical migration and indigenous settlement. The western portion of the province is part of the homeland of the Sambal people, whereas the central and eastern portions are the homeland of the Pangasinan people. Additionally, Ilocano people have settled in the province due to ethnic migration.