Kupang, formerly known as Koepang, is the capital city of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara. Located on the island of Timor, it serves as the region's largest city and primary port. As of mid-2024, the official population estimate for the city is 474,801.
Geographically, Kupang is distinguished as the southernmost large city in Indonesia and the country's closest city to Australia. It is also a designated part of the Timor Leste–Indonesia–Australia Growth Triangle free trade zone.