Baban was a Kurdish emirate that existed from the 16th century until 1850. The principality was centered on the city of Sulaymaniyah, which served as its capital.
The Baban Principality played an active role in the historical Ottoman-Safavid conflict, providing significant military support to the Ottomans. Throughout its history, the emirate was involved in constant rivalries with the regions of Ardalan, Bohtan, and Soran, causing its territory to oscillate frequently.
By the time the last Baban leader was removed in 1850, the scope of their rule had diminished significantly. During this final period, their authority was limited primarily to Sulaymaniyah and a few surrounding villages.