Kowloon, formerly known as Kaulung, is one of the three primary administrative areas of Hong Kong, alongside Hong Kong Island and the New Territories. It is characterized as an urban area that comprises both the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon.
As of 2006, Kowloon had a population of 2,019,533 with a population density of 43,033 per square kilometer (111,450 per square mile). It is the smallest of Hong Kong's three divisions but ranks as the second most populous and the most densely populated.