Cawthorne is a village and civil parish located in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley within South Yorkshire, England. Historically, the area served as a significant center for the coal and iron mining industries.
In contemporary times, Cawthorne has transitioned into an affluent commuter belt situated west of Barnsley. According to census data, the village population was 1,108 in 2001 and grew to 1,151 by 2011.