Illizi is a town and commune located in the south-eastern part of Algeria. It serves as the capital of Illizi Province and is coextensive with the Illizi District. During the period of French colonial rule from 1909 to 1962, the town was known as Fort Polignac.
As of the 2008 census, Illizi is the most populous commune in its province, with a population of 17,252. The area experienced an annual growth rate of 5.5% between 1998 and 2008, which was the highest rate in the province during that period.
The town serves as one of the primary gateways to the Tassili N'Ajjer National Park. This region is notable for its caves and partly enclosed rock shelters, which contain prehistoric drawings dating back to 6000 BC. Local infrastructure for visitors includes a hotel, two camping sites, and numerous tourist agencies.