Öllingen is a municipality located in the district of Alb-Donau within the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is situated on the southern slope of the Swabian Jura, approximately 18 km northeast of the city of Ulm.
The town sits at an elevation of 526 meters above sea level. Geographically, it is positioned between the Lone Valley to the north and the Danube valley, which contains the Langenau basin, to the south.