Mianyang is the second largest prefecture-level city in Sichuan province, located in north-central Southwestern China. It covers an area of 20,281 square kilometres (7,831 sq mi) and serves as a significant administrative region bordering several neighboring cities and provinces.
The city's geography is bounded by Nanchong City to the east, Suining City to the south, Deyang City to the southwest, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture to the west, Gansu Province to the north, and Guangyuan City to the northeast. Administratively, Mianyang consists of three urban districts, five counties, and one county-level city named Jiangyou.
As of late 2024 and early 2025, the resident population is projected to be approximately 4.922 million people. The region maintains an urbanization rate of 56.93%, with a distribution consisting of an urban population of 2,802,100 and a rural population of 2.1199 million.