Mianyang is the second largest prefecture-level city in Sichuan province, located in north-central Southwestern China. It covers an area of 20,281 square kilometres (7,831 sq mi) and serves as a significant administrative hub for the region.
The city borders Nanchong City to the east, Suining City to the south, Deyang City to the southwest, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture to the west, Gansu Province to the north, and Guangyuan City to the northeast. Its jurisdiction includes three urban districts, five counties, and the county-level city of Jiangyou.
As of late 2024 and early 2025, Mianyang has a resident population of approximately 4.922 million people. The region maintains an urbanization rate of 56.93%, with a distribution consisting of an urban population of 2,802,100 and a rural population of 2.1199 million.